What's in this directory?

These are files containing the installer and other software for the Debian GNU/Linux operating system. The files in this directory are specifically for the amd64 architecture.

How do I use these files?

The files here are bittorrent files. Use a bittorrent client program to download the contents of the complete ISO image files in a peer-to-peer manner. You should end up with an exact copy of each ISO image as though you'd downloaded it directly via HTTP or FTP.

Once you have downloaded all the ISO images you want, you will typically need to write them to installation media.

What size and type of media will I need?

The images described here are sized to be written to writeable CD media at a minimum, but may be written to larger media if needed.

For extra convenience, these images may also be written directly to a USB stick. So long as your computer will boot directly from that USB stick, it should start the Debian installer that way.

There are lots of files here! Do I need all of them?

In most cases it is not necessary to download and use all of these images to be able to install Debian on your computer. Debian comes with a massive set of software packages, hence why it takes so many disks for a complete set. Most typical users only need a small subset of those software packages.

What is a netinst image?

The netinst CD here is a small CD image that contains just the core Debian installer code and a small core set of text-mode programs (known as "standard" in Debian). To install a desktop or other common software, you'll also need either an Internet connection or some other Debian CD/DVD images.

What is an edu netinst image?

The edu netinst CD here is a special version of the netinst CD image that is targeted specifically at 64-bit Intel machines. It provides a menu to install the Debian Edu Pure Blend. See the Debian Wiki for more information.

What is a mac netinst image?

The mac netinst CD here is a special version of the netinst CD image that is targeted specifically at older 64-bit Intel Macintosh machines. It will likely work on most other amd64 machines too, but it does not contain UEFI boot files that some people need. See the Debian Wiki for more information.

How can I verify my download is correct and exactly what has been created by Debian?

There are files here (SHA512SUMS, etc.) which contain checksums of the images. These checksum files are also signed - see the matching .sign files. Once you've downloaded an image, you can check:

• that its checksum matches that expected from the checksum file; and
• that the checksum file has not been tampered with.

For more information about how to do these steps, read the verification guide.

Only the first few images are available! Where are the rest?

We don't store/serve the full set of ISO images for all architectures, to reduce the amount of space taken up on the mirrors. You can use the jigdo tool to recreate the missing ISO images instead.

Non-free Firmware

This Debian image build only includes Free Software where possible. However, many systems include hardware which depends on non-free firmware to function properly so this build also includes those firmware files for those cases. See the Debian Wiki non-free firmware page for more information.

Other questions?

See the Debian CD FAQ for lots more information about Debian CDs and installation.

The images here were put together by the Debian CD team , using debian-cd and other software.

	Name	Last modified	Size	Description
	Parent Directory		-
	SHA256SUMS	2024-11-09 16:34	628
	SHA256SUMS.sign	2024-11-09 16:35	833
	SHA512SUMS	2024-11-09 16:34	1.0K
	SHA512SUMS.sign	2024-11-09 16:35	833
	debian-12.8.0-amd64-..>	2024-11-09 12:43	50K
	debian-edu-12.8.0-am..>	2024-11-09 12:43	50K
	debian-mac-12.8.0-am..>	2024-11-09 12:43	50K